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the origins of contemporary france-4-第175部分

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distribute proportionately eight hundred sets of wheels and harness。

The wagoners will be paid and guarded the same as military convoys;

and drafted as required。  To feed the oxen; the district

administrators will take by pre…emption the necessary fields and

pasturages; etc。〃 (Orders of Pluvi?se 10; year III。)



'136' Moniteur; XXIV。; 397。  … Schmidt; 〃Tableaux de Paris。〃 (Reports

of Frimaire 16; year IV。) 〃Citizens in the departments wonder how it

is that Paris costs them five hundred and forty six millions per month

merely for bread when they are starving。  This isolation of Paris; for

which all the benefits of the Revolution are exclusively reserved。

has the worst effect on the public mind。〃 … Meissner; 345。



'137' Mercier; 〃Paris Pendant la Révolution;〃 I。; 355…357。  … Schmidt;

〃Pariser Zustande;〃 I。; 224。  (The Seine is frozen over on November 23

and January 23; the thermometer standing at sixteen degrees

(Centigrade) below zero。) … Schmidt; 〃Tableaux de Paris。〃 (Reports of

the Police; Pluvi?se 2; 3 and 4。)



'138' Schmidt; 〃Pariser Zustande;〃 I。; 228; and following pages。

(February 25; the distribution of bread is reduced to one and one…half

pounds per person; March 17; to one and onehalf pounds for workmen and

one pound for others。  Final reduction to one…quarter of a pound;

March 31。) … Ibid。; 251; for ulterior rates。  … Dufort de Cheverney;

(MS。  Mémoires; August; 1795。) M。 de Cheverney takes up his quarters

at the old Louvre with his friend Sedaine。  〃I had assisted them with

food all I could: they owned to me that; without this; they would have

died of starvation notwithstanding their means。〃



'139' Schmidt; 〃Tableaux de Paris。〃 (Reports of Germinal 15 and 27;

and Messidor 28; year III。; Brumaire 14 and Frimaire 23; year IV。) …

Ibid。  (Germinal 15; year III。) Butter is at eight francs the pound;

eggs seven francs for four ounces。  … Ibid。; (Messidor 19) bread is at

sixteen francs the pound; (Messidor 28) butter at fourteen francs the

pound; (Brumaire 29) flour at 14;000 francs the bag of 325 pounds。



'140' Ibid。  (Report of Germinal 12; year III。) 〃The eating houses and

pastry…cooks are better supplied than ever。〃 ?〃Memoires (manuscript)

of M。 de Cheverney。〃 〃My sister…in…law; with more than forty thousand

livres income; registered in the 'Grand Ledger;' was reduced to

cultivating her garden; assisted by her two chambermaids。  M。 de

Richebourg; formerly intendant…general of the Post…Office; had to sell

at one time a clock and at another time a wardrobe to live on。  'My

friends;' he said to us one day; 'I have been obliged to put my clock

in the pot。' 〃 … Schmidt。  (Report of Frimaire 17; year IV。) 〃A

frequenter of the Stock…Exchange sells a louis at five thousand

francs。  He dines for one thousand francs and loudly exclaims: 'I have

dined at four francs ten sous。  They are really superb; these

assignats! I couldn't have dined so well formerly at twelve francs。'〃



'141' Schmidt。  (Reports of Frimaire 9; year IV。) 〃The reports

describe the sad condition of those who; with small incomes and having

sold their clothes; are selling their furniture; being; so to say; at

their last piece; and; soon without anything; are reduced to the last

extremity by committing suicide。〃 … Ibid。; Frimaire 2; 〃The rentier is

ruined; not being able to buy food。  Employees are all in the same

situation。〃 … Naturally; the condition of employees and rentiters

grows worse with the depreciation of assignats。  Here are house…

keeping accounts at the end of 1795。  (Letter of Beaumarchais' sister

Julie to his wife; December; 1794。  〃Beaumarchais et son temps;〃 by De

Lomenie; p。486。) 〃When you gave me those four thousand francs

(assignats); my dear friend; my heart went pit…a…pat。  I thought that

I should go crazy with such a fortune。  I put them in my pocket at

once and talked about other things so as to get the idea out of my

mind。  On returning to the house; get some wood and provisions as

quick as possible before prices go higher! Dupont (the old domestic)

started off and did his best。  But the scales fell from my eyes on

seeing; not counting food for a month; the result of those 4;275

francs:



     1 load of wood                                       1460 francs

     9 pounds of candles; from 8 to 100 francs per pound   900

     4 pounds of sugar; at 100 francs per pound            400

     3 measures of grain; at 40 francs                     120

     7 pounds oil; at 100 francs                           700

     12 wicks; at 5 francs                                  60

     1 1/2 bushels potatoes; at 200 francs per bushel      300

     1 month's washing                                     215

     1 pound ground powder                                  70

     2 ounces pomatum (formerly 3 sous; now 25 francs)      50

Sub…total                                                    4;275 francs



There remains the month's supply of butter and eggs;

 as you know; 200 francs; meat 25 or 30 francs; and

other articles in proportion                               507



There was no bread for two days。 。 。 I have bought only

four pounds the last two days; at 45 francs                180



Total                                                    5;022 francs。



〃When I think of this royal outlay; as you call it; which makes me

spend from18;000 to 20;000 francs for nothing; I wish the devil had

the system。。。  。  10;000 francs which I have scattered about the past

fortnight; alarm and trouble me so much that I do not know how to

calculate my income in this way。  In three days the difference (in the

value of assignats) has sent wood up from 4;200 to 6;500 francs; and

extras in proportion so that; as I wrote you; a load piled up and put

away costs me 7;100 francs。  Every week now; the pot…au…feu and other

meats for ragouts; without any butter; eggs and other details; cost

from seven to eight hundred francs。  Washing also goes up so fast that

eight thousand francs do not suffice。  All this puts me out of humor;

while in all this expenditure I declare on my honor (je jure par la

saine vérité de mon c?ur) that for two years I have indulged no fancy

of my own or spent anything except on household expenses。

Nevertheless; I have urgent need of some things for which I should

require piles of assignats。〃 … We see by Beaumarchais' correspondence

that one of his friends travels around in the environs of Paris to

find bread。  〃It is said here (he writes from Soizy; June 5; 1795)

that flour may be had at Briare。  If this were so I would bargain with

a reliable man there to carry it to you by water…carriage between

Briare and Paris。  。  。  In the mean time I do not despair of finding

a loaf。〃 … Letter of a friend of Beaumarchais: 〃This letter costs you

at least one hundred francs; including paper; pen; ink; and lamp…oil。

For economy's sake I write it in your house。〃



'142' Cf。  Schmidt; 〃Tableaux de Paris;〃 vols。  II。  and III。

(Rep
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