money answers all things-第26部分

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certainly　in　a　great　Measure　be　remov'd；　if　this　Proposal　were　to　be　executed？　　　　　The　Instance　I　shall　produce；　to　prove　that　the　working　People　can　and　will　do　a　great　deal　more　Work　than　they　do；if　they　were　somewhat　better　incouraged；　shall　be　that　of　a　general　Mourning　for　the　Death　of　a　Prince。　　　　　The　Charge　brought　against　the　working　People；　as　above；　shews　that　they　don't　want　Time　to　do　a　great　deal　more　Work　than　they　do；　and　a　Time　of　general　Mourning　for　a　Prince　necessarily　requires　abundance　of　Goods　to　be　made　in　a　very　short　time；　besides　the　considerable　Stock　we　may　suppose　to　be　in　Hand；　towards　supplying　the　extraordinary　Demand　of　such　Occasions；　and　we　know　the　Weavers；　Dyers；　Taylors；　etc。　do　at　such　Times　work　almost　Night　and　Day；　only　for　the　Encouragement　of　somewhat　better　Pay　and　Wages；　which　an　extraordinary　Demand　for　any　Goods　is　necessarily　connected　with；　and　if　this　can　be　carried　so　far；　as　to　cloath　so　great　a　Part　of　the　People　of　the　Kingdom　in　so　short　a　time；　as　we　usually　see　them　put　themselves　in　Mourning　on　such　Occasions；　it　must　be　plain　that　the　working　People　not　only　can；　but　would　do　a　great　deal　more　Work　than　they　do；　if　they　were　but　somewhat　better　encouraged　by　their　Wages　to　do　so。　　　　　Lastly；　The　full　and　sufficient　Execution　of　this　Proposal　is　the　only　natural　Way　to　extend　Dominion；　and　introduce　Liberty　amongst　Mankind。　For　wherever　so　much　Land　is　continually　put　to　use；　as　will　call　for　all　Land　is　continually　put　to　use；　as　will　call　for　all　the　Hands；　Trade；　and　Manufactures　will　suffer　to　employ　themselves　this　Way；　as　this　will　necessarily　give　full　employment　to　all　the　People；　and　make　such　Plenty　of　every　Thing；　that　the　meanest　of　the　People　will　certainly　find　a　comfortable　Subsistence　for　themselves　and　Families；　so　it　will　infallibly　draw　the　People　out　of　every　Nation　round　us；　that　doth　not　attend　to　this　Point　in　the　same　Degree；　and　consequently　cause　the　People　to　forsake　every　arbitrary　and　oppressive　Government；　to　find　such　a　Settlement；　as　the　Business　so　much　Land　continually　added　and　improv'd　will　necessarily　provide　for　them。　　　　　'Tis　true；　this　will　in　time　fill　this　Island　with　Inhabitants；　and　improve　every　Spot　of　Ground　in　it。　And　I　suppose　it　must　be　this　Way　that　Benjamin　Motte　Computes　that　the　People　may　be　doubled；　in　so　short　a　Time　as　24　or　25　Years：　If　this　be　not　the　Way；　I　am　not　able　to　conjecture　how　so　great　an　Increase　of　People　should　arise；　in　the　small　Space　he　assert　they　may　be　doubled　and　quadrupled；　for　I　am　sure　the　natural　Increase　of　Mankind　will　require　a　vastly　longer　Term；　only　to　double　in。　　　　　But　however；　if　my　9th　and　10th　Principles　are　true；　and　I　think　them　self…evident；　then　the　full　and　sufficient　Execution　of　this　Proposal　must　be　a　great　Advantage　to　the　Government；　by　increasing　the　Number　and　Riches　of　their　Subjects；　and　their　Revenues　together　with　them；　which　Things　are　inseparably　connected。　Nay；　this　matter　ought　most　certainly　to　be　carried　so　far　as　to　fill　Ireland　with　Inhabitants；　by　granting　for　a　considerable　Term；　on　small　Acknowledgments；　a　proper　Quantity　of　any　waste　Land；　that　any　Person　shall　choose；　and　be　able　to　undertake　the　full　Improvement　of。　And　this；　I　think；　these　Kingdoms　would　soon　become　vastly　more　powerful；　since　'tis　probable；　that　in　less　than　a　Century　there　would　be　double　the　present　Number　of　People　found　in　them。　Nor　could　this　possibly　fail；　I　think；　unless　the　Nations　round　us；　to　prevent　the　Loss　of　their　Subjects；　should　take　the　same　Measures；　and　then　the　Increase　of　each　Nation　would　be　only　such　as　the　natural　Increase　of　Mankind　will　produce。　but　this　great　Advantage　wold　arise　to　Mankind　by　this　Means；　that　Happiness　and　Liberty　wold　be　as　general　and　extensive；　as　the　Method　I　prescribe　shall　be　practised。　　　　　And　this　may　shew　the　Folly　and　Absurdity　of　making　War；　on　the　ambitious　Principle　of　extending　Dominion；　since　War；　if　it　be　continued　a　few　Years；　commonly　ruins　the　Generality　of　the　People　of　such　Nations　as　are　vanquish'd；　as　we　know　the　late　War　did　France；　and　what　we　who　conquer'd　got　by　it；　the　Taxes　we　at　present　groan　under；　and　from　which　perhaps　we　shall　never　be　reliev'd；　will　amply　testify。　But　the　Folly　of　making　War；　to　extend　Dominion；　appears；　in　what　War　lays　waste　and　depopulates　Countries；　and　thereby　puts　such　Nations　to　great　and　extraordinary　Charges　and　Difficulties；　to　preserve　and　defend　such　unpeopled　Territories　from　the　easy　Inroads　and　Invasions　of　their　Neighbours；　who　have　as　many　more　Opportunities　of　Entrance；　as　the　extended　unpeopled　Territory　of　any　Potentate　doth　necessarily　afford。　　　　　If　therefore　it　be　absurd　to　make　War　to　extend　Dominion；　I　should　say　Territory；　for　that　is　all　that　can　be　got　by　it；（27*）　and　if；　as　I　have　before　shewn；　it　be　unnecessary　on　the　Account　of　Trade　also；　it　will　follow　that　War；　except　in　our　own　necessary　Self…defence；　is　unnatural　and　wicked；　since　these　ordinary　Causes；　viz。　extending　Dominion　or　Trade　will　not　justify　it。　　　　　Yet　I　think　there　is　one　Case；　in　which　making　War　on　other　Nations　may　be　justifiable；　viz。　Fighting　for　Territory　when　we　are　over…people；　and　want　Land　for　them；　which　our　Neighbours　have；　but　will　not　part　with　on　amicable　and　reasonable　Terms。　And　as　this；　and　necessary　Self…defence　is　all　the　just　Foundation　War　can　ever　have；　so　War　for　any　other　Causes　is　Murder；　aggravated　by　the　horrible　Addition　of　all　the　Thousands　that　are　destroy'd　on　both　Sides。　This　must　be　so；　because　it's　monstrous　to　imagine；　the　Author　of　the　World　hath　constituted　Things　so；　as　to　make　it　any　Ways　necessary　for　Mankind　to　murder　and　destroy　each　other：　And　yet　he　must　have　constituted　Things　thus　monstrously；　if　War　be　necessary　on　any　other　Foundation　whatsoever。　　　　　I　will　not　proceed　to　shew；　that　the　State　of　the　Nation；　in　Respect　of　the　Trade　thereof；　is　really　very　different；　and　much　worse　than　it　was　about　the　Year　1688。　　　　　Erasmus　Phillips　says；　Page　15；　that　the　Year　above　mentioned　was　perhaps　the　Time；　when　England　was　in　Possession　of　the　greatest　Quantity　of　Wealth　she　ever　did　enjoy；　She　was　then　inrich'd　with　the　Treasure　she　had　been　accumulating　for　about　150　Years；　for　so　long　we　may　date　the　Progress　of　Trade　in　this　Nation。　And　Page　17；　he　says；As　to　the　Specie　of　the　Nation；　the　Recoining　3　Years　afterwards　makes　that　sum　almost　apparent　as　to　the　Silver；　for　from　1691　to　1697；　there　was　brought　to　the　London　and　Country　Mints；　8；400；000　l。　of　clipt；　light；　and　hammer'd　Money；　and　in　all　Probability　there　might　be　a　great　Sum　standing　out。　The　mill'd　Silver　coin'd　in　King　Charles　IId；　and　King　James　IId's　Reign；　might　be　2；200；000　l。　so　that　we　may　suppose　subsisting　in　Silver　Money；　at　that　Time；　about　11　Millions；　And　the　Gold　we　may　reckon　thus：

Coin'd　in　Queen　Elizabeth's　Time　who　reform'd　most　of　the　old　Specie：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　L。　1；500；000　Coin'd　in　King　James　Ist's　Time　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　L。　　　800；000　Coin'd　in　King　Charles　Ist's　Time　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　L。　1；723；456　And　in　the　Reigns　of　King　Charles　IId；　and　King　James　IId。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　L。　6；500；000　In　all　　　　　　　　　　L。　10；523；456

But　allowing　for　Deficiencies　and　Wastes　of