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glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(格劳高斯)-第23部分

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presently; and both of these          we must regard as the first rudiments of an 

Echinoderm's   outside        skeleton;   such   as   in   the   Sea…urchins   covers   the 



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whole     body     of  the   animal。      (See     on   Echinus     Millaris;   p。  89。)   (7) 

Somewhat        similar     anchor…plates;      from    a   Red    Sea   species;    Synapta 

Vittata; may be seen         in any collection of microscopic objects。 

     The    animal;    when     caught;    has   a  strange   habit   of   self…destruction; 

contracting its   skin   at   two   or three   different   points;   and   writhing    till   it 

snaps   itself   into   〃junks;〃   as   the  sailors   would   say;   and then   dies。    My 

specimens;       on   breaking    up;   threw    out  from    the    wounded       part  long 

〃ovarian filaments〃 (whatsoever those may be);                  similar to those thrown 

out    by   many     of   the   Sagartian     anemones;       especially      S。  parasitica。 

Beyond this; I can tell you nothing             about Synapta; and only ask you to 

consider its hands; as an         instance of that fantastic play of Nature which 

repeats;    in   families     widely    different;   organs    of  similar    form;   though 

perhaps      of    by   no   means     similar   use;   nay;   sometimes      (as   in  those 

beautiful     clear…wing   hawk…moths   which   you;   as   they   hover   round   the 

rhododendrons; mistake for bumble…bees) repeats the outward form of                         a 

whole   animal;   for   no   conceivable   reason   save   her   …   shall   we   not     say 

honestly His? … own good pleasure。 

     But here we are at the old bank of boulders; the ruins of an                    antique 

pier   which   the   monks   of   Tor Abbey   built   for   their    convenience;   while 

Torquay was but a knot of fishing huts within a                  lonely limestone cove。 

To get to it; though; we have passed many a                  hidden treasure; for every 

ledge of these flat New…red…sandstone              rocks; if torn up with the crowbar; 

discloses   in   its   cracks   and  crannies   nests   of   strange   forms   which   shun 

the    light  of  day;    beautiful     Actiniae    fill  the  tiny  caverns    with   living 

flowers;   great     Pholades   (Plate   X。   figs。   3;   4)   bore   by   hundreds   in   the 

softer     strata;   and    wherever     a   thin  layer   of   muddy     sand    intervenes 

between       two slabs; long Annelid worms of quaintest forms and colours 

have     their   horizontal   burrows;      among   those      of  that   curious   and   rare 

radiate animal; the Spoonworm; (8) an eyeless bag about an inch                        long; 

half    bluish   grey;   half   pink;   with    a  strange    scalloped    and     wrinkled 

proboscis of saffron colour; which serves; in some                  mysterious way; soft 

as it is; to collect food; and clear its dark         passage through the rock。 

     See; at the extreme low…water mark; where the broad olive fronds of 

the Laminariae; like fan…palms; droop and wave gracefully in the                     retiring 



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ripples; a great boulder which will serve our purpose。                     Its upper side is a 

whole      forest   of   sea…weeds;      large   and   small;    and    that    forest;   if  you 

examined it closely; as full of inhabitants as                those of the Amazon or the 

Gambia。        To 〃beat〃 that dense cover            would be an endless task:            but on 

the   under   side;   where   no   sea…   weeds   grow;   we   shall   find   full   in   view 

enough to occupy us till the            tide returns。     For the slab; see; is such a one 

as   sea…beasts   love      to   haunt。    Its   weed…covered   surface   shows   that   the 

surge has not        shifted it for years past。        It lies on other boulders clear of 

sand     and mud; so that there is no fear of dead sea…weed having lodged 

and     decayed     under     it;  destructive    to   animal     life。  We      can   see   dark 

crannies and caves beneath; yet too narrow to allow the surge to                       wash in; 

and keep the surface clean。            It will be a fine menagerie           of Nereus; if we 

can but turn it。 

     Now   the   crowbar   is   well   under   it;   heave;   and   with   a   will;   and   so; 

after     five   minutes'     tugging;      propping;      slipping;    and    splashing;      the 

boulder gradually tips over; and we rush greedily upon the spoil。 

     A   muddy   dripping   surface         it  is;   truly;  full  of   cracks  and    hollows; 

uninviting enough at first sight:            let us look it round leisurely;           to see if 

there are not materials enough there for an hour's                 lecture。 

     The   first   object   which   strikes   the   eye   is   probably   a   group   of   milk… 

white slugs; from two to six inches long; cuddling snugly together                        (Plate 

IX。 fig。 1)。      You try to pull them off; and find that they                give you some 

trouble;   such   a   firm   hold   have   the   delicate   white     sucking   arms;   which 

fringe   each   of   their   five   edges。     You   see   at     the   head    nothing   but    a 

yellow dimple; for eating and breathing are                   suspended till the return of 

tide;   but   once   settled   in   a   jar   of salt…water;   each   will   protrude   a   large 

chocolate…coloured head;            tipped with a ring of ten feathery gills; looking 

very   much   like   a     head   of   〃curled   kale;〃   but   of   the   loveliest   white   and 

primrose; in       the centre whereof lies perdu a mouth with sturdy teeth … if 

indeed      they;   as   well   as   the   whole   inside   of   the   beast;   have   not   been 

lately got rid of; and what you see be not a mere bag; without                     intestine or 

other     organ:     but    only   for   the   time    being。     For    hear    it;   worn…out 

epicures; and old Indians who bemoan your livers; this                       little Holothuria 

knows a secret   which;  if he   could   tell it;  you           would be glad to buy  of 



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him   for    thousands     sterling。   To    him   blue    pill   and   muriatic    acid   are 

superfluous;   and   travels   to   German       Brunnen   a   waste   of   time。     Happy 

Holothuria! who possesses really             the secret of everlasting youth; which 

ancient fable b
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