aemilius paulus-第4部分

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the　amount；　that　out　of　mere　stinginess　he　drew　back　and　let　himself
lose　their　assistance；　as　if　he　had　been　some　steward；　not　the　enemy
of　the　Romans；　and　would　have　to　give　an　exact　account　of　the　expenses
of　the　war　to　those　with　whom　he　waged　it。　Nay；　when　he　had　his　foes
as　tutors；　to　instruct　him　what　he　had　to　do；　who；　besides　their　other
preparations；　had　a　hundred　thousand　men　drawn　together　and　in
readiness　for　their　service；　yet　he　that　was　to　engage　against　so
considerable　a　force；　and　in　a　war　that　was　maintaining　such　numbers
as　this；　nevertheless　doled　out　his　money；　and　put　seals　on　his
bags；　and　was　as　fearful　of　touching　it；　as　if　it　had　belonged　to　some
one　else。　And　all　this　was　done　by　one；　not　descended　from　Lydians
or　Phoenicians；　but　who　could　pretend　to　some　share　of　the　virtues
of　Alexander　and　Philip；　whom　he　was　allied　to　by　birth；　men　who
conquered　the　world　by　judging　that　empire　was　to　be　purchased　by
money；　not　money　by　empire。　Certainly　it　became　a　proverb；　that　not
Philip；　but　his　gold；　took　the　cities　of　Greece。　And　Alexander；　when
he　undertook　his　expedition　against　the　Indians；　and　found　his
Macedonians　encumbered　and　appear　to　march　heavily　with　their
Persian　spoils；　first　set　fire　to　his　own　carriages；　and　thence
persuaded　the　rest　to　imitate　his　example；　that　thus　freed　they
might　proceed　to　the　war　without　hindrance。　Whereas　Perseus；　abounding
in　wealth；　would　not　preserve　himself；　his　children；　and　his
kingdom；　at　the　expense　of　a　small　part　of　his　treasure；　but　chose
rather　to　be　carried　away　with　numbers　of　his　subjects　with　the　name
of　the　wealthy　captive；　and　show　the　Romans　what　great　riches　he　had
husbanded　and　preserved　for　them。　For　he　not　only　played　false　with
the　Gauls；　and　sent　them　away；　but　also；　after　alluring　Genthius；　King
of　the　Illyrians；　by　the　hopes　of　three　hundred　talents；　to　assist　him
in　the　war；　he　caused　the　money　to　be　counted　out　in　the　presence　of
his　messengers；　and　to　be　sealed　up。　Upon　which　Genthius；　thinking
himself　possessed　of　what　he　desired；　committed　a　wicked　and
shameful　act：　he　seized　and　imprisoned　the　ambassadors　sent　to　him
from　the　Romans。　Whence　Perseus；　concluding　that　there　was　no　need
of　money　to　make　Genthius　an　enemy　to　the　Romans；　but　that　he　had
given　a　lasting　earnest　of　his　enmity；　and　by　his　flagrant　injustice
sufficiently　involved　himself　in　the　war；　defrauded　the　unfortunate
king　of　his　three　hundred　talents；　and　without　any　concern　beheld　him；
his　wife；　and　children；　in　a　short　time　after；　carried　out　of　their
kingdom；　as　from　their　nest；　by　Lucius　Anicius；　who　was　sent　against
him　with　an　army。
　　Aemilius；　coming　against　such　an　adversary；　made　light　indeed　of
him；　but　admired　his　preparation　and　power。　For　he　had　four　thousand
horse；　and　not　much　fewer　than　forty　thousand　full…armed　foot　of　the
phalanx；　and　planting　himself　along　the　seaside；　at　the　foot　of
Mount　Olympus；　in　ground　with　no　access　on　any　side；　and　on　all
sides　fortified　with　fences　and　bulwarks　of　wood；　remained　in　great
security；　thinking　by　delay　and　expense　to　weary　out　Aemilius。　But　he；
in　the　meantime；　busy　in　thought；　weighed　all　counsels　and　all　means
of　attack；　and　perceiving　his　soldiers；　from　their　former　want　of
discipline；　to　be　impatient　of　delay；　and　ready　on　all　occasions　to
teach　their　general　his　duty；　rebuked　them；　and　bade　them　not　meddle
with　what　was　not　their　concern；　but　only　take　care　that　they　and
their　arms　were　in　readiness；　and　to　use　their　swords　like　Romans　when
their　commander　should　think　fit　to　employ　them。　Further；　he　ordered
that　the　sentinels　by　night　should　watch　without　javelins；　that　thus
they　might　be　more　careful　and　surer　to　resist　sleep；　having　no　arms
to　defend　themselves　against　any　attacks　of　an　enemy。
　　What　most　annoyed　the　army　was　the　want　of　water；　for　only　a　little；
and　that　foul；　flowed　out；　or　rather　came　by　drops　from　a　spring
adjoining　the　sea；　but　Aemilius；　considering　that　he　was　at　the　foot
of　the　high　and　woody　mountain　Olympus；　and　conjecturing　by　the
flourishing　growth　of　the　trees　that　there　were　springs　that　had　their
course　underground；　dug　a　great　many　holes　and　wells　along　the　foot　of
the　mountain；　which　were　presently　filled　with　pure　water　escaping
from　its　confinement　into　the　vacuum　they　afforded。　Although　there　are
some；　indeed；　who　deny　that　there　are　reservoirs　of　water　lying
ready　provided　out　of　sight；　in　the　places　from　whence　springs　flow；
and　that　when　they　appear；　they　merely　issue　and　run　out；　on　the
contrary；　they　say；　they　are　then　formed　and　come　into　existence　for
the　first　time；　by　the　liquefaction　of　the　surrounding　matter；　and
that　this　change　is　caused　by　density　and　cold；　when　the　moist　vapour；
by　being　closely　pressed　together；　becomes　fluid。　As　women's　breasts
are　not　like　vessels　full　of　milk　always　prepared　and　ready　to　flow
from　them；　but　their　nourishment　being　changed　in　their　breasts；　is
there　made　milk；　and　from　thence　is　pressed　out。　In　like　manner；
places　of　the　earth　that　are　cold　and　full　of　springs；　do　not
contain　any　hidden　waters　or　receptacles　which　are　capable；　as　from
a　source　always　ready　and　furnished；　of　supplying　all　the　brooks　and
deep　rivers；　but　by　compressing　and　condensing　the　vapours　and　air
they　turn　them　into　that　substance。　And　thus　places　that　are　dug　open；
flow　by　that　pressure；　and　afford　the　more　water　（as　the　breasts　of
women　do　milk　by　their　being　sucked）；　the　vapour　thus　moistening　and
becoming　fluid；　whereas　ground　that　remains　idle　and　undug　is　not
capable　of　producing　any　water；　whilst　it　wants　the　motion　which　is
the　cause　of　liquefaction。　But　those　that　assert　this　opinion　give
occasion　to　the　doubtful　to　argue；　that　on　the　same　ground　there
should　be　no　blood　in　living　creatures；　but　that　it　must　be　formed
by　the　wound；　some　sort　of　spirit　or　flesh　being　changed　into　a　liquid
and　flowing　matter。　Moreover；　they　are　refuted　by　the　fact　that　men
who　dig　mines；　either　in　sieges　or　for　metals；　meet　with　rivers；　which
are　not　collected　by　little　and　little　（as　must　necessarily　be；　if
they　had　their　being　at　the　very　instant　the　earth　was　opened）；　but
break　out　at　once　with　violence；　and　upon　the　cutting　through　a
rock；　there　often　gush　out　great　quantities　of　water；　which　then　as
suddenly　cease。　But　of　this　enough。
　　Aemilius　lay　still　for　some　days；　and　it　is　said　that　there　were
never　two　great　armies　so　nigh　that　enjoyed　so　much　quiet。　When　he　had
tried　and　considered　all　things；　he　was　informed　that　there　was　yet
one　passage　left　unguarded；　through　Perrhaebia　by　the　temple　of　Apollo
and　the　Rock。　Gathering；　therefore；　more　hope　from　the　place　being
left　defenceless　than　fear　from　the　roughness　and　difficulty　of　the
passage；　he　proposed　it　for　consultation。　Amongst　those　that　were
present　at　the　council；　Scipio；　surnamed　Nasica；　son…in…law　to
Scipio　Africanus；　who　afterwards　was　so　powerful　in　the
senate…house；　was　the　first　that　offered　himself　to　command　those　that
should　be　sent　to　encompass　the　enemy。　Next　to　him；　Fabius　Maximus；
eldest　son　of　Aemilius；　although　yet　very　young；　offered　himself
with　great　zeal。　Aemilius；　rej