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hesiod, the homeric hymns, and homerica-第13部分
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you and fill your barn with food; for Hunger is altogether a meet comrade for the sluggard。 Both gods and men are angry with a man who lives idle; for in nature he is like the stingless drones who waste the labour of the bees; eating without working; but let it be your care to order your work properly; that in the right season your barns may be full of victual。 Through work men grow rich in flocks and substance; and working they are much better loved by the immortals (8)。 Work is no disgrace: it is idleness which is a disgrace。 But if you work; the idle will soon envy you as you grow rich; for fame and renown attend on wealth。 And whatever be your lot; work is best for you; if you turn your misguided mind away from other men's property to your work and attend to your livelihood as I bid you。 An evil shame is the needy man's companion; shame which both greatly harms and prospers men: shame is with poverty; but confidence with wealth。
(ll。 320…341) Wealth should not be seized: god…given wealth is much better; for it a man take great wealth violently and perforce; or if he steal it through his tongue; as often happens when gain deceives men's sense and dishonour tramples down honour; the gods soon blot him out and make that man's house low; and wealth attends him only for a little time。 Alike with him who does wrong to a suppliant or a guest; or who goes up to his brother's bed and commits unnatural sin in lying with his wife; or who infatuately offends against fatherless children; or who abuses his old father at the cheerless threshold of old age and attacks him with harsh words; truly Zeus himself is angry; and at the last lays on him a heavy requittal for his evil doing。 But do you turn your foolish heart altogether away from these things; and; as far as you are able; sacrifice to the deathless gods purely and cleanly; and burn rich meats also; and at other times propitiate them with libations and incense; both when you go to bed and when the holy light has come back; that they may be gracious to you in heart and spirit; and so you may buy another's holding and not another yours。
(ll。 342…351) Call your friend to a feast; but leave your enemy alone; and especially call him who lives near you: for if any mischief happen in the place; neighbours come ungirt; but kinsmen stay to gird themselves (9)。 A bad neighbour is as great a plague as a good one is a great blessing; he who enjoys a good neighbour has a precious possession。 Not even an ox would die but for a bad neighbour。 Take fair measure from your neighbour and pay him back fairly with the same measure; or better; if you can; so that if you are in need afterwards; you may find him sure。
(ll。 352…369) Do not get base gain: base gain is as bad as ruin。 Be friends with the friendly; and visit him who visits you。 Give to one who gives; but do not give to one who does not give。 A man gives to the free…handed; but no one gives to the close… fisted。 Give is a good girl; but Take is bad and she brings death。 For the man who gives willingly; even though he gives a great thing; rejoices in his gift and is glad in heart; but whoever gives way to shamelessness and takes something himself; even though it be a small thing; it freezes his heart。 He who adds to what he has; will keep off bright…eyed hunger; for it you add only a little to a little and do this often; soon that little will become great。 What a man has by him at home does not trouble him: it is better to have your stuff at home; for whatever is abroad may mean loss。 It is a good thing to draw on what you have; but it grieves your heart to need something and not to have it; and I bid you mark this。 Take your fill when the cask is first opened and when it is nearly spent; but midways be sparing: it is poor saving when you come to the lees。
(ll。 370…372) Let the wage promised to a friend be fixed; even with your brother smile and get a witness; for trust and mistrust; alike ruin men。
(ll。 373…375) Do not let a flaunting woman coax and cozen and deceive you: she is after your barn。 The man who trusts womankind trust deceivers。
(ll。 376…380) There should be an only son; to feed his father's house; for so wealth will increase in the home; but if you leave a second son you should die old。 Yet Zeus can easily give great wealth to a greater number。 More hands mean more work and more increase。
(ll。 381…382) If your heart within you desires wealth; do these things and work with work upon work。
(ll。 383…404) When the Pleiades; daughters of Atlas; are rising (10); begin your harvest; and your ploughing when they are going to set (11)。 Forty nights and days they are hidden and appear again as the year moves round; when first you sharpen your sickle。 This is the law of the plains; and of those who live near the sea; and who inhabit rich country; the glens and dingles far from the tossing sea; strip to sow and strip to plough and strip to reap; if you wish to get in all Demeter's fruits in due season; and that each kind may grow in its season。 Else; afterwards; you may chance to be in want; and go begging to other men's houses; but without avail; as you have already come to me。 But I will give you no more nor give you further measure。 Foolish Perses! Work the work which the gods ordained for men; lest in bitter anguish of spirit you with your wife and children seek your livelihood amongst your neighbours; and they do not heed you。 Two or three times; may be; you will succeed; but if you trouble them further; it will not avail you; and all your talk will be in vain; and your word…play unprofitable。 Nay; I bid you find a way to pay your debts and avoid hunger。
(ll。 405…413) First of all; get a house; and a woman and an ox for the plough a slave woman and not a wife; to follow the oxen as well and make everything ready at home; so that you may not have to ask of another; and he refuses you; and so; because you are in lack; the season pass by and your work come to nothing。 Do not put your work off till to…morrow and the day after; for a sluggish worker does not fill his barn; nor one who puts off his work: industry makes work go well; but a man who putts off work is always at hand…grips with ruin。
(ll。 414…447) When the piercing power and sultry heat of the sun abate; and almighty Zeus sends the autumn rains (12); and men's flesh comes to feel far easier; for then the star Sirius passes over the heads of men; who are born to misery; only a little while by day and takes greater share of night; then; when it showers its leaves to the ground and stops sprouting; the wood you cut with your axe is least liable to worm。 Then remember to hew your timber: it is the season for that work。 Cut a mortar (13) three feet wide and a pestle three cubits long; and an axle of seven feet; for it will do very well so; but if you make it eight feet long; you can cut a beetle (14) from it as well。 Cut a felloe three spans across for a waggon of ten palms' width。 Hew also many bent timbers; and bring home a plough…tree when you have found it; and look out on the mountain or in the field for one of holm…oak; for this is the strongest for oxen to plough with when one of Athena's handmen has fixed in the
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